แนวทางการใช้เทคนิคโปรติโอมิกส์ในการหาตัวบ่งชี้ที่จำเพาะต่อความสมบูรณ์พันธุ์ในเซมินอล พลาสมาและอสุจิ Proteomics Tools for Fertility Biomarkers in Seminal Plasma and Spermatozoa

Abstract

Proteomics has been used for the systemic study of proteins in a cell such as protein expression and analyses changes in quantity and quality of protein expression with high efficiency and accuracy. The used of proteomics approach to study changes of spermatozoa. Proteomics analysis is a highly sensitive method which can be used for the detection of a very small amount of protein sample with detection limit of femtomole. Moreover, this method provides very high throughput. Recently, the application of proteomic approaches such as the two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, mass spectrometry, and differential in-gel electrophoresis has identified several sperm-specific proteins. Spermatozoa are highly specialized cells that can be easily obtained and purified. Mature spermatozoa are transcription and translation inactive and incapable of protein synthesis. In addition, spermatozoa contain relatively higher amounts of membrane proteins compared to other cells; therefore, they are very suitable for proteomic studies. These findings have provided a further understanding of protein functions involved in different sperm processes as well as of the differentiation of normal state from an abnormal one. In addition, studies on the sperm proteome have demonstrated the importance of spermatozoa posttranslational modifications and their ability to induce physiological changes responsible for fertilization.