Study of genetic diversity and genetic classification of Thail swamp buffalo in Mekong sub region using microsatellite data

Abstract

The objective of this investigated was to study the genetic diversity in Thai Native Buffalo from6 locations in Mekong subregion. A total of 160 buffaloes DNA samples were collected from Nakhonratchasima(NR), Loei (LE), Nakornpanom (NP), Sisaket (SK), Surin (SR) and (KhonKaen (KK), provinces. Microsatellitestechnique with 10 primers and separating on 6% polyacrylamide gel were used in this study. The results showed that84 alleles were found for loci, the mean number of alleles per locus was 8.4 alleles. The highest number of alleles was12 (HEL13 primer) and the lowest number of alleles was 6 (BM2213 primer). The expected heterozygosities of NR, LE, NP, SK, SR and KK were 0.763, 0.798, 0.788, 0.790, 0.777 and 0.773 respectively. All populations had relativelyhigh genetic diversity. The phylogenetic tree from Neiís genetic distance and clusterization from individual geneticsby Principle Component Analysis plot analysis from Neiís showed that the population from the Nakornpanom andSisaket were the closest genetic, while KhonKaen were differentiate from the other group. The analysis of geneticstructure showed the lightly of genetic difference between 6 groups (FST = 0.066), however, the genetic diversity inindividual level was found very high. The tested of χ2 show that all population did follow Hardy Weinbergís Law ofEquilibrium. The information about genetic diversity and genetic structures estimated by microsatellites analysismay be useful for developing conservation strategies.