Development of a model of native swine raising based on Sufficiency Economy Philosophy of small farm-holders in the lower Mekong river basin by the participatory approach

Abstract

The development of a native swine raising model, base on Sufficiency Economy Philosophy, emphasized the participatory approach of stakeholders. The areas and target population were purposively chosen from Ban Si Liam Yai, Lam Plaimas district, Buriram province and Ban Lak Sip-kao, Champasak, Lao PDR. The model was constructed by employing various tools such as observation, interview, A-I-C technique, study tours, SWOT analysis and experiment. The CRD was used with three treatments of protein levels in feed and four replications in each treatment. The treatment means were compared by lsd method, and the validity of raising model was confirmed by the questionnaire means. The research findings revealed the positive contents including the availability of various animal feed plants within Ban Si Liam Yai such as fish-waste sources, rice bran and cassava; being easy to raise; little investment; being used for food and sale. Also, some negative contents found including improper feeding methods, no breeding selection, no disease prevention, low selling price and failure experiences of certain groups in the village. In case of Ban Lak Sip-kao, there was no marketing problem. However, the community participation was limited. The developed model consisted of: 1) The group establishment; 2) The members having qualifications relevant to Sufficiency Economy Philosophy; 3) Raising native swine for household consumption, selling some and obtaining manure as by-product; 4) Using hybrid breed; 5) Using pit pens; 6) Having one or two sows and three fatten pigs; 7) The boars being shared among members; 8) Avoidance of inbreeding; 9) Feedstuffs consisting of rice bran, dried leucaena leave, cassava chip and fermented fish-waste; 10) 10-12% of protein feed for the fatten pigs, 9-10% of protein feed for the sows and supplemented with animal feed plants; 11) Hog cholera vaccination and De-worming; 12) Net-working; and 13) Continuous development.