Evaluation of silicon concentration in stem and leaves of 29 Thai rice varieties
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Abstract
Silicon (Si) is not an essential element, but its beneficial element for growth and development of plants especially in rice as it increasing strength of stem which prevent lodging, promote photosynthetic activity of leaves and increase rice productivity. The objective of this study was to determine silicon concentration in the stem and leaves of Thai rice varieties and its affected on the productivity. The pot experiment was arranged in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. The 29 rice varieties (12 upland rice and 17 low land rice varieties) were used in this study. Gran yield was harvested at maturity and silicon concentration was analyzed in the stem and leave parts. Silicon concentration was observed ranging from 1.04 to 2.81 g/100 g in the stem and from 3.44 to 5.99 g/100 g in the leaves. There was the difference of Si concentration between plant part and ecotype of rice. The concentration in the leave was found to have 2.21 and 2.78 folds higher than that in the stem in lowland and upland rice, respectively. In the stem, the concentration of lowland rice was 1.14 folds higher than in upland rice, while the concentration of upland rice was 1.10 folds higher than lowland rice in the leaves. There was a positive correlation between silicon concentration in the stem of lowland rice and grain yield (r=0.62*), but no such correlation was observed in the upland rice. The correlation between silicon concentration in the leave and grain yield both in upland rice and lowland rice was not found. This study indicating the difference of silicon concentration in the stem and leaves of rice and the positive correlation between silicon concentration in the stem and grain yield could be significant information to improve the productivity. The information in this study will be useful for selection of rice varieties in breeding program for high silicon concentration varieties and environmental management to increase rice productivity.
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