Cumulative effect of soil conditioners on aggregate distribution and carbon sequestration of Warin soil in cassava field
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Abstract
The cumulative effect of soil conditioners, namely perlite, bentonite and ground limestone each at the rate of 200 kg/rai, chicken manure at the rates of 500 and 1,000 kg/rai, and chicken manure + perlite at the respective rates of 500 and 200 kg/rai, which were incorporated for four consecutive years during land preparation, on cassava and properties of Warin soil was conducted in Nakhon Ratchasima province. The results revealed that application of 500 kg/rai chicken manure + 200 kg/rai perlite significantly resulted in the highest cassava fresh tuber and starch yields and aboveground biomass with the amounts of 7.53, 2.22 and 1.35 ton/rai, respectively but without any difference from the sole use of chicken manure at the rate of 500 or 1,000 kg/rai while the application of perlite, gypsum and bentonite giving indifferent yield to no application of soil conditioners. However, the control tended to give the low-est cassava fresh tuber and starch yields of 3.31 and 0.88 ton/rai, respectively. Continuous use of soil conditioners clearly helped better chemical properties of the topsoil when compared to those without soil conditioner applica-tion. Ground limestone statistically reduced soil acidity level (pH 6.8) while chicken manure applied at 1000 kg/rai significantly increasing cation exchange capacity (6.23 cmolc/kg) organic matter content (5.75 g/kg) and available K (66.6 mg/kg) of the soil and also promoting the highest organic carbon storage (0.43 kgoc/m2). In general, it was found that most of soil aggregates were in the size between 0.25-0.1 mm whereas organic carbon was mainly stored in aggregate size of 1-0.5 mm with the amount of 0.12-2.63 kgoc/m2. The application of inorganic soil conditioners tended to increase more organic carbon storage in soil aggregate than did organic soil conditioner while combined application reducing the organic carbon storage.
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