Identification and Pathogenicity Test of Fungi Causing Cassava Tuber and Stem Rot Disease
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Abstract
In Thailand, cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is considered as one of the most economically
important crops. Tuber and stem rots are caused by several fungal species such as Phytophthora
palmivora, P. melonis, P. meadii, Pythium spp., Fusarium solani, F. oxysporum and Neoscytalidium
hyalinum. However, information on the biology and epidemiology of these fungal pathogens in production
areas is still limited. Therefore, this study was conducted to collect samples of soil, tuber rot and stem rot
of cassava from disease outbreaks in Nakhon Ratchasima, Rayong and Tak. Pathogen isolation from these
samples was carried out by the tissue transplanting method and baiting technique. The fungal isolates
were observed for morphological characteristics under a compound microscope. Three fungal genera,
Pythium, Fusarium and Neoscytalidium were identified based on morphology. Sixteen isolates were
identified as Pythium spp. (P. acanthicum and P. graminicola) F. solani and N. hyalinum based on ITS
rDNA sequence analysis. Moreover, the pathogenicity of these three fungal genera was tested on eight
cassava varieties. The results revealed that F. solani and N. hyalinum caused disease and cassava
mortality. While all Pythium spp. isolates were nonpathogenic.These results were usable for disease
management planning and disease resistant variety improvement.
Article Details
King Mongkut's Agricultural Journal
References
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