Feasibility Study of Using Vegetable Oils as Processing Oil for Natural Rubber Compound Production
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Published:
Dec 25, 2020
Keywords:
natural rubber processing oil vegetable oil Mooney viscosity vulcanization characteristics
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Abstract
In this research, the feasibility of using 3 types of vegetable oils: palm oil, soybean oil and coconut oil as replacements for aromatic oils in processing of natural rubber were studied. The Mooney viscosity and stress relaxation were determined using a Mooney viscosity tester. Vulcanization characteristics were investigated using a moving die rheometer (MDR). It was found that the Mooney viscosity, minimum torque, maximum torque, torque difference, and scorch time of the rubber compounds produced with palm oil and soybean oil were not significantly different from those of rubber compounds incorporating aromatic oil. However, rubber compounds made with palm oil and soybean oil gave slightly lower cure rate indexes than did compounds made with aromatic oil. Coconut oil gave rubber compounds with the highest viscosity. The research strongly suggests that palm oil and soybean oil have great potential to be used as processing oils instead of aromatic oils.
Article Details
How to Cite
Huana, S. ., & Songkhai, M. . (2020). Feasibility Study of Using Vegetable Oils as Processing Oil for Natural Rubber Compound Production. King Mongkut’s Agricultural Journal, 38(4), 434–440. retrieved from https://li01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/agritechjournal/article/view/248339
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Research Articles
King Mongkut's Agricultural Journal
References
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3299-3309.
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Waddell, W. H., and Evans, L. R. 2001. Precipitated silica and non-black fillers. In Rubber Technology: Compounding and Testing for Performance, J. S. Dick. ed. pp. 325-343. Ohio, USA: Hanser Gardner Publications.
Ward, I. M., and Hadley, D. W. 1993. An introduction to the mechanical properties of solid polymers. West Essex, U.K.:
John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 334 pp.
Brydson, J. A. 1988. Rubbery materials and their compounds. Essex, U.K.: Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd. 469 pp.
Coran, A. Y. 2014. Vulcanization. In The Science and Technology of Rubber, J. E. Mark, B. Erman, and C. M. Roland. eds.
pp. 383-416. 4th Ed. MA, USA: Elsevier Inc.
Gent, A. N. 2014. Rubber elasticity: basic concepts and behavior. In The Science and Technology of Rubber, J. E. Mark, B. Erman, and C. M. Roland. eds. pp. 1-26. 4th Ed. MA, USA: Elsevier Inc.
Gent, A. N., and Mars, W. V. 2014. Strength of elastomers. In The Science and Technology of Rubber, J. E. Mark, B. Erman, and
C. M. Roland. eds. pp. 473-516. 4th Ed. MA, USA: Elsevier Inc.
ISO 2393. 2014. Rubber test mixes - Preparation, mixing and vulcanization - Equipment and procedures. International Organization for Standardization. Geneva, Switzerland. 24 pp.
ISO 6502-3. 2018. Rubber - Measurement of vulcanization characteristics using curemeters - Part 3: Rotorless curemeter. International Organization for Standardization. Geneva, Switzerland. 20 pp.
ISO/TS 289-4. 2017. Rubber, unvulcanized - Determinations using a shearing-disc viscometer - Part 4: Determination of the Mooney stress-relaxation rate. International Organization for Standardization. Geneva, Switzerland. 13 pp.
Laube, S., Monthey, S., and Wang, M. J. 2001. Compounding with carbon black and oil. In Rubber Technology: Compounding and testing for performance, J. S. Dick. ed. pp. 295-324. Ohio, USA: Hanser Gardner Publications, Inc.
Ngai, K. L., Capaccioli, S., and Plazek, D. J. 2014. The viscoelastic behavior of rubber and dynamics of blends. In The Science and Technology of Rubber, J. E. Mark, B. Erman, and C. M. Roland. eds. pp. 193-284. 4th Ed. MA, USA: Elsevier Inc.
Roberts, A. D. 1988. Natural rubber science and technology. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press. 1136 pp.
Rodgers, B., and Waddell, W. 2014. The science of rubber compounding. In The Science and Technology of Rubber, J. E. Mark,
B. Erman, and C. M. Roland. eds. pp. 417-471. 4th Ed. MA, USA: Elsevier Inc.
Sainumsai, W., Toki, S., Amnuaypornsri, S., Nimpaiboon, A., Sakdapapanich, J., Rong, L., Hsiao, B. S., and Suchiva, K. 2017. Dependence of the onset of strain-induced crystallization of natural rubber and its synthetic analogue on crosslink and entanglement by using synchrotron X-ray. Rubber Chemistry and Technology 90(4): 728-742.
Toki, S., Sics, I., Hsiao, B. S., Murakami, S., Tosaka, M., Poompradub, S., Kohjiya, S., and Ikeda, Y. 2005. Probing the nature of strain-induced crystallization in polyisoprene rubber by combined thermomechanical and in situ X-ray diffraction techniques. Macromolecules 38(16): 7064-7073.
Tosaka, M., Murakami, S., Poompradub, S., Kohjiya, S., Ikeda, S., Toki, Y., Sics, I., and Hsiao, B. S. 2004. Orientation and crystallization of natural rubber network as revealed by WAXD using synchrotron radiation. Macromolecules 37(9):
3299-3309.
Treloar, L. R. G. 2005. The Physics of Rubber Elasticity. 3rd ed. Oxford, USA: Oxford University Press. 322 pp.
Waddell, W. H., and Evans, L. R. 2001. Precipitated silica and non-black fillers. In Rubber Technology: Compounding and Testing for Performance, J. S. Dick. ed. pp. 325-343. Ohio, USA: Hanser Gardner Publications.
Ward, I. M., and Hadley, D. W. 1993. An introduction to the mechanical properties of solid polymers. West Essex, U.K.:
John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 334 pp.
