Effect of Integrated Fertilizers Management on Yield of Sweet Corn on Loam Soil at Nakhon Sawan Province
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of chemical fertilizer, organic material, and mycorrhizal biofertilizer on soil properties and yield of sweet corn cv. ATS–12, which was grown in loamy soil in Nakhon Sawan province from 2022 to 2023. The experiment employed a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. The seven treatments of integrated fertilizer management are as follows: 1. control (unamended soil); 2) chemical fertilizer applied at the rate of 20–6–15 kg N–P2O5–K2O/rai (100% RDF); 3) chemical fertilizer at the rate of 20–6–15 kg N–P2O5–K2O/rai + chicken manure (100% RDF + CM); 4) chemical fertilizer at the rate of 20–6–15 kg N–P2O5–K2O/rai + chicken manure + mycorrhizal biofertilizer (100% RDF + CM + AMF); 5) chemical fertilizer at the rate of 15–4.5–11.3 kg N–P2O5–K2O/rai + chicken manure (75% RDF + CM); 6) chemical fertilizer at the rate of 15–4.5–11.3 kg N–P2O5–K2O/rai + chicken manure + mycorrhizal biofertilizer (75% RDF + CM + AMF); 7) chicken manure + mycorrhizal biofertilizer (CM + AMF). The chicken manure was spread over the plot at the rate of 1 ton of dry weight/rai, and mycorrhiza biofertilizer was added to the bottom of the hole prepared for planting at the rate of 5 g/hole. The collected data included measurements of soil properties, AMF spore numbers, yield component and yield. The results indicated that different integrated fertilizer management significantly affected of root colonization (p<0.05), plant height (p<0.05), ear diameter (p<0.01), ear weight without husk (p<0.01) and yield (p<0.01). However, there were no significant changes observed in soil properties and AMF spore number after an experiment (p>0.05). The experimental results indicated that planting the sweet corn variety ATS–12 in the Taphan Hin soil series necessitated the use of fertilizers. Fertilizers could be applied at the recommended rate alone (100% RDF), or in combination with chemical fertilizers and chicken manure (75–100% RDF + CM). Alternatively, they can be used alongside chemical fertilizers, chicken manure, and mycorrhizal biofertilizer (75–100% RDF + CM + AMF), or with both chicken manure and mycorrhizal biofertilizer, resulting in justified investments. In evaluating the economic value, it was observed that using chemical fertilizers at the recommended rate produced the highest return on investment during the first and second growing seasons, with returns of 2.72 and 2.87, respectively.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
King Mongkut's Agricultural Journal
References
Balestra, G. M., & Misaghi, I. J. (1997). Increasing the efficiency of the plate counting method for estimating bacterial diversity. Journal of Microbiological Methods, 30(2), 111–117.
Bouyoucos, G. J. (1962). Hydrometer method improved for making particle size analysis of soils. Agronomy Journal, 54(1), 464–465.
Bray, R. H., & Kurtz, L. (1945). Determination of total, organic, and available forms of phosphorus in soils. Soil Science, 59(1), 39-46.
Department of Agriculture. (2005). Announcement of the Department of Agriculture: Organic Fertilizer Standards 2005. Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives. (in Thai).
Department of Agriculture. (2008). Organic Fertilizer Analysis Manual. Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives. (in Thai).
Department of Agriculture. (2019). Manual for Data Collection on Field Crops and Renewable Energy Crops. Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives. (in Thai).
Department of Agriculture. (2021a). Biofertilizer. Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives. (in Thai).
Department of Agriculture. (2021b). Recommendations for The Use of Fertilizers based on Soil Analysis Values for Economic Field Crops. Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives. (in Thai).
Department of Agriculture. (2023). Summary of Fertilizer Import-Export Data in 2023. Retrieved from: https://www.doa.go.th/ard/?page_id=312. (in Thai).
Domyos, S., Domyos, P., & Saykawe, J. (2018). Using chemical fertilizer based on soil analysis in combination with organic fertilizers on growth and yield of sweet corn in Phattalung soil series. Journal of Vocational Education in Agriculture, 2(1), 72–80.
Giovannetti, M., & Mosse, B. (1980). An evaluation of techniques for measuring vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal infection in roots. New Phytologist, 84(3), 489–500.
Kaewmueng, C., Amkha, S., & Mala, T. (2013). The effects of azospirillum inoculation as alternative nitrogen source for sweet corn growth promotion in Kamphaengsaen soil series. Journal of Science and Technology, 2(2), 25–45. (in Thai).
Kaewnoo, T., Luanmanee, S., Kaewsuralikhit, S., Nobuntou, W., Tancharoen, S., Kueanoon, C., Thaweenut, N., Reuncharoen, S., Klinphoklap, S., Palakul, W., Jinjakam, P., Charoensri, K., Tanwan, N., Udpuay, S., Ratanavirakul, P., & Phoorahong, A. (2024). Nitrogen release assessment of compost, chicken manure, cow manure and dry azolla. Khon Kaen Agriculture Journal, 52(Suppl 1), 392–400. (in Thai).
Land Development Department. (1980). Manual for Classifying Land Suitability for Economic Crops, Volume 28. Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives. (in Thai).
Land Development Department. (2023). Soil Knowledge and Management. Retrieved from: https://iddindee.ldd.go.th/iddindee/SoilSeries/T_1/5_Series_(Tph).pdf. (in Thai).
Manager Online. (2024). ASEAN-Korea FTA Boosts Exports of “Thai Sweet Corn” to Become Champion in Kimchi Market. Retrieved from: https://mgronline.com/business/detail/9670000013226. (in Thai).
Ministry of Commerce. (2024). Report on Thailand's International Trade Statistics, Information and Communication Technology Center. Retrieved from: https://tradereport.moc.go.th/th/stat/reportcomcodeexport04#comid=472. (in Thai).
Office of Agricultural Economics. (2022). Agricultural Economic Data. Retrieved from: https://www.oae.go.th. (in Thai).
Owiny, A. A., & Dusengemungu, L. (2024). Mycorrhizae in mine wasteland reclamation. Heliyon, 10(13), e33141.
Poolthong, K., Seerasarn, N., & Keowan, B. (2024). Extension sweet corn production for farmers in Chum Saeng district, Nakhon Sawan province. Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University Journal, 37(1), 59-73. (in Thai).
Poomipan, P., & Thongleung, P. (2011). Effects of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of Pak Chong soil series on growth and phosphorus uptake of babycorn, fieldcorn and sweetcorn. Thai Science and Technology Journal, 19(4), 80–87. (in Thai).
Poomipan, P. (2012). Effects of soil phosphorus and corn type on arbuscular mycorrhizal dependency. Thai Journal of Science and Technology, 1(3), 211–220. (in Thai).
Pratt, P. F. (1965). Potassium. In Norman A. G., Methods of Soil Analysis: Part II Chemical and Microbiological Properties, pp. 1022–1030. American Society of Agronomy.
Qian, S., Xu, Y., Zhang, Y., Wang, X., Niu, X., & Wang, P. (2024). Inoculation on reducing excessive fertilizer use. Microorganisms, 12(8), 1550.
Ratanavirakul, P., Tancharoen, S., Nobuntou, W., & Luanmanee S. (2024). Effect of chemical fertilizer in combination with organic fertilizer and mycorrhiza biofertilizer on yield and nutrient use efficiency of sweet corn. In Proceeding of the 8th National Soil and Fertilizer Conference, pp. 49–59. Naresuan University. (in Thai).
Rayment, G. E., & Higginson, F. R. (1992). Australian Laboratory Handbook of Soil and Water Chemical Methods. Inkata press.
Sirichaiwetchakul, S., Nabhadalung, N., Malmai, S., & Krungkai, W. (2021). Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth and yield of sweet corn under natural conditions. King Mongkut’s Agricultural Journal, 39(2), 89–94.
Sungsamran, K., Thapsilvisul, O., Poomipan, P., & Takrattanasaran, N. (2021). Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth of field corn growing in soil after waterlogging. Thai Science and Technology Journal, 30(1), 109–122. (in Thai).
Thomas, G. W. (1996). Soil pH and soil acidity. In Sparks, D.L., Page, A. L., Helmke, P. A., Loeppert, R. H., Soltanpour, P. N., Tabatabai, M. A., Johnston, C. T., & Sumner, M. E. (Ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis Part 3: Chemical Methods, pp. 475-490. Soil Science Society of America, Inc.
Udpuay, S., Kueanoon, C., Tanwan, N., & Thuenprom, N. (2022). Effect of potash fertilizer on growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) in clay loam soil. Thai Agricultural Research Journal, 40(3), 307–320. (in Thai).
Walkley, A., & Black, I. A. (1934). An examination of the Degtjareff methods for determining soil organic matter, and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science, 37(1), 29–38.
Zenebe, B., Dobo, B., & Woliy, K. (2024). The influence of biochar, organic and inorganic fertilizers, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation on maize crop performance under normal and water-stressed conditions. Advances in Agriculture, 2024(1), 4934523.
