Selection for Photoperiod Insensitive Advanced Lines and High Grain Anthocyanin of Purple Glutinous Rice
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Abstract
Anthocyanin is a major compound with anti-oxidative properties which can protect against oxidative damages implicated in a range of diseases and it is commonly found in the purple rice grain. Purple rice varieties are photoperiod sensitivity which can be grown only once a year and contains low anthocyanin content. This research was to develop the advanced purple rice lines with high anthocyanin content and photoperiod insensitivity. Seeds of the F4 population between KDK (glutinous rice) and PTT 1 (non-glutinous rice) were used to grow in plant-to-row and selected for the F5 population during wet season in 2013. The plants were recorded for flowering dates, plant height, grain weight. pericarp color and endosperm type. Plants with desirable traits and purple pericarp seeds were selected. F6 population were grown during dry season in 2014. Ten varieties were found with the character of photoperiod insensitivity plants, purple color in culm and leaves with short plant type and high grain yield, and the seed of non-glutinous endosperm type with purple pericarp color. The 10 varieties were grown for evaluation and selection of F7 population and it was found photoperiod insensitivity character in all varieties with shorter day to flowering, ranged between 96-103 days and plant height compared with the parent, 79.7-83.2 cm, but similar seed size. The seeds were purple color with non-glutinous endosperm type with anthocyanin content ranging from 31.4 to 58.8 mg/100 g which were 25-135% higher than KDK. Seeds of all varieties will be evaluated and selected for the further study.
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