Effects of Foliar Amino Acid Sprays Combined with Fertilizer Management on Growth and Development, and Yield of Amaranth (<I>Amaranthus</I> spp.)
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Abstract
Amino acids (AMN) are a type of biostimulants which can promote plant growth, enhance resistance to both biotic and abiotic stress and potentially reduce the need of chemical fertilizer (CF) for crop production. This study aimed to investigate the effects of foliar AMN application combined with CF management on growth and yield of amaranth (Amaranthus spp.). This experiment established in greenhouse and arranged in completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 replications and 4 treatments as follows: 1) control, no CF and AMN application (T1), 2) applied CF at the recommended rate, CF100% (T2), 3) applied 75% of the recommended CF combined with foliar spray of AMN type 1 (T3) and 4) applied 75% of the recommended CF combined with foliar spray of AMN type 2 (T4). The results revealed that foliar with AMN significantly influenced on growth of amaranth including plant height, stem diameter, leaf width,
leaf length and leaf number) at 4 weeks after transplanted (WAT). T3 treatment showed the highest value and was not significantly different with T2 and T4, while leaf greenness (SPAD) showed the significant differences among treatments at 2, 3 and 4 WAT. Moreover, applied CF and foliar with AMN affected on yield parameters (dry and fresh above ground biomass and leaf area) and concentration of nutrients in above ground biomass of plant (total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) in the similar way, that T3 treatment gave the highest value and not significant differences with T2 and T4, but showed the significant differences with T1. Overall, it was found that spraying amino acids combined with fertilizer management influenced growth and yield of amaranth, which can reduce the use of chemical fertilizers by up to 25%.
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