Weed Selection for Phytoremediation of Fluoranthene
Keywords:
phytoremediation, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, weedAbstract
Using food crop in phytoremediation increased concern about pollutant biomagnification along food chain. The efficiency of weed to be used in fluoranthene phytoremediation was studied. Three weeds, Cyperus rotundus, Phyllanthus niruri and Gomphrena celosioides, were planted in 200 mg/kg fluoranthene-contaminated soil for 30 days, growth and fluoranthene remaining in soil were compared. The results showed that fluoranthene was not toxic to shoot growth of 3 weeds but decrease root fresh weight and dry weight of C. rotundus and G. celosioides 58-67 and 61%, respectively, when compared with plant growing in non-contaminated soil. Fluoranthene did not affected to chlorophyll content of C. rotundus and G. celosioides but decreased chlorophyll B and total chlorophyll of P. niruri 34.8 and 20.2%, respectively, when compared with plant growing in non-contaminated soil. However, only C. rotundus could decrease fluoranthene content in soil more than non-planted soil after 30 days. The fluoranthene remaining in C. rotundus-planted soil was 58.2% while fluoranthene remaining in non-planted soil was 62.6% but they were not different significantly. Fluoranthene was toxic to chlorophyll content of P. niruri but was toxic to root fresh weight and dry weight of C. rotundus and G. celosioides. The selection of weeds which were better tolerant to fluoranthene than these 3 plants should be done in the future.
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