Antimicrobial Activities against Rice Pathogens of Bacillus velezensis and Their Biosurfactant Production
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14456/jare-mju.2025.46Keywords:
rice pathogen, Bacillus velezensis, antimicrobial activity, biosurfactantAbstract
The aims of this study were to investigate antimicrobial activities against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae the bacterium responsible for rice bacterial leaf blight and Pyricularia oryzae, major rice pathogens, and biosurfactant production of Bacillus velezensis. B. velezensis isolated from lichen were used in this study. All isolates of B. velezensis showed antimicrobial activities against Xoo and P. oryzae according to spot on lawn assay, agar well assay and dual cultures method. The biosurfactant production of B. velezensis was screened by cell hydrophobicity, emulsification activity (E24) and specific genes for cyclic lipopeptides (cLPs). The results of bacterial cell adherence with hexadecane and emulsion by olive oil confirmed that the seven isolates of B. velezensis were able to produce biosurfactant. Furthermore, the PCR products of six cLPs synthesis-related genes comprising of SUR3, srfA, ituD, ituC, fenD and bmyB that regulated antibiotic biosurfactants production including surfactin, iturin, fengycin and bacillomycin, were detected. The safety of B. velezensis isolates were evaluated using antibiotic susceptibility test. It was found that all B. velezensis isolates were susceptible to
penicillin, ciprofloxacin, tetracyclin, Tigecyclin and vancomycin. B. velezensis are also not be listed in Pathogens and Animal Toxins Act 2015. These results can potentially make B. velezensis useful and safe as agricultural biocontrol agents.
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