Culturing Butter Catfish (Ompok bimaculatus (Bloch, 1794)) in Different Densities in the Small Closed Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS) under the Limited Water Supply Area of the Smart Agriculture Model on the IoT System

Abstract

The Butter catfish cultured in different densities in the small closed recirculating system under the limited water supply area of the smart agriculture model on the IoT system was divided into 4 treatments including 250, 300, 350, and 400 fish per square meter with 3 replications. The size of a plastic pond was 1,000 liters with a capacity of 800-liter water. The fish had an average initial weight of 1.31 grams and length of 1.80 centimeters. The experiment had been conducted for 24 weeks. The results showed that the growth efficiency of Butter catfish in terms of weight and length was not statistically different (P>0.05). Moreover, the survival rates of fish in the ponds at 250, 300, 350 and 400 fish per square meter were 100 ± 0.00, 100 ± 0.00, 99.28 ± 0.01 and 98.92 ± 0.02, respectively, and there was no statistical difference (p>0.05). Water quality monitoring and notification using the Smart Agriculture IoT system, developed by our research team, were compared with the standard method in the laboratory throughout the culture period. Four water quality parameters were measured. Dissolved oxygen was between 7.01-7.91 mg/l, pH was between 6.82-7.89, temperature was between 25.32-26.64 ^๐C and turbidity in water was 12.49-12.88 NTU. All four parameters were at the appropriate level for fish culture so that there was no notification from the system.  In terms of water quantity in fish farming, the use of water throughout the farming period was only 14.40 tons. The amount of water added from evaporation during aquaculture was not included. Therefore, it can be concluded that the optimum density for this fish culture can be raised up to 400 fish per square meter and the use of smart agriculture prototypes on the IoT system was effective.