Latent Infection of Phomopsis sp., the Causal Agent of Leaf Spot on Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) Cultivar Monthong
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Abstract
Durian leaf spot caused by Phomopsis sp., is a minor disease which indirectly decreases quality
of durian yield. Disease symptoms on the leaves acted as source of inoculum further affecting fruit rot
after harvest. The objectives of this study were to investigate latent infection and factors affecting latent
period of plant pathogenic fungus Phomopsis sp. on durian leaf. Pathogen inoculation by spraying spore
suspension (106 spore/ml) on abaxial or adaxial surface of the leaf was conducted on seedlings. The results
showed that the most infection area was on the lower side of leaf. The inoculated seedling by an agar
plug on the wound site was also investigated. It was shown that browning necrotic spots appeared on the
leaf and pycnidial formation was expressed at 20 days after inoculation. Consequently, numerous new
browning spots with 1 mm in diameter surrounded by yellow halo were visible at 32 days after inoculation.
In addition, natural latent infection by Phomopsis spp. was also established on durian leaves and flowers
by 95 and 70% infection, respectively. Moreover, crude extract of durian leaf could reduce pathogen spore
germination and germ tube elongation. It also showed inhibition zone of pathogen growth on TLC plate by
retention factor of 0.29-0.88. This indicated that durian leaf tissues presented preformed substances which
acted as antifungal compounds while the pathogen was in a latent period. This investigation benefits
durian growers to control this disease by reduction of pathogen population at symptomless period.
Article Details
King Mongkut's Agricultural Journal
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