The Effect of Different Substrates on Larvae Settlement in Black Sea Cucumber [Holothuria leucospilota (Brandt, 1835)]
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Abstract
Survival rate of black sea cucumber (Holothuria leucospilota) larvae can be increased by nursing with appropriate substrate. The objective of this experiment was to examine the settlement rate and settlement period of black sea cucumber larvae at pentactula stage with various substrates. The settlement of the larvae was performed on 3 types of substrates, including hard materials, seaweeds and artificial materials. The group of substrates was allotted to the treatments in a completely randomized design. Auricularia larvae were bred from wild broodstock, applied in each treatment of substrates and fed with the diatoms. The settlement rate and settlement period were collected. The result revealed that in the group of hard materials, the coral rubble had been used as settlement surface better than sea sand, clay and mixed materials (P<0.01). The settlement rate and settlement period of the black sea cucumber larvae on the coral rubble were 11.31±0.36 percentage and 27.00±0.82 days, respectively. The rate and period of settlement on five species of seaweed, Ulva rigida, Caulerpa taxifolia, Halimeda sp., Caulerpa lentillifera and Padina sp. showed the best settlement of larvae on Ulva rigida (P<0.01). The settlement rate and settlement period on Ulva rigida were 17.50±1.43 percentage and 23.33±0.58 days, respectively. For the study of the settlement rate and settlement period on 4 types of artificial materials: plastic sheet, plastic film, shading net, and monofilament nylon, it was found that black sea cucumber larvae had the best settling rate (53.00±4.37 percentage) and settling period (22.50±0.58 days) onto the plastic sheet (P<0.01). The results showed that the larvae of black sea cucumber were able to settle on all 3 different substrates. Overall, the data suggested that artificial materials, especially the plastic sheet, were found to be more effective than other substrates at increasing larval settlement.
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King Mongkut's Agricultural Journal
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