Genetic Inheritance of Plant Growth Habit and Seed Coat Color in Crosses between Yardlong Bean (Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis ) and Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)
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Abstract
Nowadays, determinate-type yardlong bean cultivars are limited in number and still exhibit some traits that do not meet market demand and consumer preference. The objective of this study was to investigate the genetic inheritance of plant growth habit and seed coat color as a foundation for selecting determinate-type yardlong bean lines with improved yield and pod quality that meet market demand. Three crosses were conducted using yardlong bean as the female parent and cowpea as the male parent, namely YSd16×Ysd01, YSd07×Ysd08, and YSd46×Ysd01. Segregating populations including P1, P2, F1, F2, BCP1, and BCP2 were analyzed using the chi-square (2) tests to verify the expected segregation ratios. The outcomes showed that for plant growth habit, segregation was observed in the ratio of 3 indeterminate : 1 determinate, while seed coat color segregated in a 3 black : 1 brown ratio. These results indicate that both plant growth habit and seed coat color are controlled by a single dominant gene, with segregation in the F2 generation in accordance with Mendel’s First Law. Furthermore, the dihybrid cross analysis of both traits revealed segregation in a 9 indeterminate-black seed coat : 3 indeterminate-brown seed coat : 3 determinate-black seed coat : 1 determinate-brown seed coat ratio, which is in accordance with the theoretical expectation. This finding demonstrates that the two traits are controlled by genes located on different chromosomes and assort independently, consistent with Mendel’s Second Law. The findings of this study provide essential baseline information for the selection and breeding of determinate-type yardlong bean cultivars with growth characteristics and seed quality that are good for market.
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King Mongkut's Agricultural Journal
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