Antioxidant Capacity of Some Weed Crude Extracts
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Abstract
Utilization of weeds as medicinal plants is an alternative weed control and valued added. The objectives of this study were to determine phytochemical contents and investigate antioxidant activity of crude extracts from leaf of nine weed species including Bidens pilosa L., Eclipta prostrata L., Borreria laevis (Lam.) Griseb, Tribulus cistoides L., Limnocharis flava (L.) Buchenau, Amaranthus spinosus L., Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less, Cleome viscosa L. and Phyllanthus niruri L. Dry leaves were homogenized to powder and then extracted with an aqueous comparing with ethanol (80%). Phytochemical contents viz. phenolics and flavonoids of sample extracts were analyzed and antioxidant capabilities using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-1-hydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2¢-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazole-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), phenazine methosulfate- nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (PMS-NADH) and nitric oxide radical scavengings were tested. The results showed that ethanolic extracts from all weed species had greater phenolic and flavonoid contents than aqueous extracts. We found that ethanolic extracts of B. laevis and P. niruri had higher in both phytochemical contents than the others. Moreover, ethanolic extracts of B. laevis and P. niruri had greater inhibiting DPPH (IC50= 58.69 and 89.90 mg/mL, respectively) and ABTS radical scavenging (IC50= 96.63 and 113.58 mg/mL, respectively) than the others. Furthermore, ethanolic extract of B. laevis has similar activity to tocoperol (IC50= 51.65 mg/mL) against DPPH radical scavenging. In case of inhibiting PMS-NADH and nitric oxide scavengings, the effects of all leaf extracts from weeds were not pronounced. However, further research on identification of chemical compounds from B. laevis and P. niruri extracts should be conducted.
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