Comparison of Quality and Immunity between Thai Native and Crossbred Pigs in Colostrum and Milk
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Abstract
Nutrition content in colostrum and milk are affected to the growth performance and survival of the piglets during lactation. The objective of this study was to evaluated quality and immunity of colostrum and milk between Thai native (TN) compared with crossbred (CB) pigs. The colostrum and milk from 18 TN and 17 CB (Large White x Landrace) pigs were determined to quality and immunity, and their piglets (184 piglets of TN and 229 piglets of CB) were estimated the growth performance, ADG, and mortality during sucking period. Piglets were weighed at birth and 7 days of age. Colostrum and milk from sows were collected manually across all teats at 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours, and were used to analysis for total solids, crude protein (CP), ash, lactose, crude fat (CF), and IgG concentration. IgG concentration in colostrum was measured by ELISA technique. Results showed that the growth performance and ADG of TN (69.33 g/day) piglets was lower than CB (167.67 g/day) piglets (P<0.001). The mortality rate during 0 to 24 hours after farrowing of CB piglets was lower than TN (3.38% and 5.70%), but the mortality rate during 24 hours to 3 days after farrowing of CB (6.51%) piglets was significantly higher than TN (1.11%) piglets (P<0.001). For the composition and quality of all two breeds: CP, lactose, and ash concentration were not significantly different by breed (P>0.05). However, CP and lactose concentration were significantly different by over time within the breed (P<0.001). The CF concentration of CB was significantly higher than TN at 48 and 72 hours (P<0.05), it was also significantly different within the same breed when the over time (P<0.001). The CF concentration of TN was significantly different within the same breed as the CB when the overtime (P<0.001). The total solids of CB (26.83%) was significant higher than TN (23.91%) at 0 hour (P<0.001), but the IgG concentration of TN was significantly higher than CB at 24 and 48 hours (95.75, 66.97 and 70.79, 32.96 mg/ml, respectively) (P<0.001), and TN (32.50 mg/ml) was also significantly higher than CB (20.56 mg/ml) at 72 hours (P<0.05). For the correlation between growth performance of piglets during 7 days after farrowing and composition and quality of colostrum and milk was not significantly different. These results showed that the growth performance of the piglets was affected by breed. For the composition and quality of colostrum and milk of TN and CB had significantly different within over time after farrowing.
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