Effects of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Supplementation in Diet on Transportation Stress and Growth Performance of Whiteleg Shrimp (<I>Litopenaeus vannamei</I>)
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Abstract
The effect of 0 %, 0.2 %, and 0.4 % gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) supplementation in diet on transportation stress of PL25 and growth performance of whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) during PL27 - PL87 were investigated. The first experiment was assigned a factorial of 2 x 3 in complete randomized design (CRD). PL12 Shrimps were fed 3 dosages of GABA supplemented with a commercial diet of 39 %CP and 7 %CF and coated with pullulan at concentrations of 20 ml/kg of feed then applied to shrimp for 14 days. After that, PL25 shrimp contained in plastic bags (45 x 75 centimeters) were transported at 100 and 500 individuals/liter for 3 hours, and the postlarval quality was investigated. The second experiment was assigned in CRD. Shrimps transported at 100 individuals/liter were fed continuously and acclimated for 2 days then distributed in a glass aquarium and fed certainly GABA treatment diets for the other 60 days to study growth performance, while shrimp fed GABA diets during PL39 were applied stress at the end of feeding experiment by disease challenge against Vibrio parahaemolyticus AHPND for 12 days. The results found that shrimp quality and survival rate after transportation was higher in group of shrimp transported at density of 100 individuals/liter than 500 individuals/liter and certainly related to levels of GABA in the diets (P < 0.05). Shrimp at PL27 - PL87 fed diet of 0.4 % GABA had the highest average weights of 2.367 ± 0.110 g (P < 0.05). Under stressful conditions of Vibriosis immersion test, the bacteria count from the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed a diet of 0.4 % GABA was the lowest, and shrimp had the highest survival rate (P < 0.05). In conclusion, GABA 0.4 % supplementation in shrimp diet could promote larvae shrimp quality after transportation stress and enhance shrimp survival rates during disease challenge stress conditions, including improved growth performance during high EHP infection.
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