Evaluating Biodiversity of Bridelia ovata by Using Morphological Characteristic and ISSR Marker
Keywords:
Makaa, Brideria odata Decne, ISSR technique, genetic diversityAbstract
Makaa (Bridelia ovata Decne.) is classified in the Family Euphorbiaceae, Genus Bridelia varies among more than 60 species in Africa and Asia, especially in Thailand. Makaa extract includes friedelin, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol and campesterol. These substances have anti-inflammatory effects on human muscle and can inhibit lung cancer cells in vitro. This study aimed to study the biodiversity and to collect morphological data of Makaa varieties in Thailand. Morphological data and DNA samples were collected from 101 Makaa plants from 20 provinces of Thailand. Makaa leaves were measured for width, length, width to length ratio, and the number of veins. Using 96 pairs of ISSR primer for accessing genotypic data, only 12 markers showed polymorphism in the Makaa population. The average polymorphism information indexes of this study were 0.31. The phylogenetic of morphological leaf data was calculated in UPGMA and neighbor joinning model by MEGA 7.0 program. The UPGMA morphological tree could not group a cluster from province and area. However, the phylogenetic tree using the neighbour joining method still groups most samples from the same province and nearly region in the same clade. This result suggested that using genotypic information had higher efficiency than morphological data for studying the biodiversity of Makaa.
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