Detection and Evaluation of Resistance against Bacterial Blight Disease in Thai Local Rice Varieties Grown in Some Areas of Lower Northern Thailand
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14456/jare-mju.2024.23Keywords:
bacterial blight, local rice varieties, DNA markers, bacterial blight resistance genesAbstract
Local rice varieties possess a wide range of genetic diversities, can adapt to their environment, and exhibit resistance to severe diseases such as bacterial blight. Rice crop production in Thailand is affected by this disease caused by the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). This study aimed to use particular primers (xa5, Xa21, Xa33 (RMWR 7.1), and Xa33 (RMWR 7.6) to detect bacterial blight resistance genes in 20 local rice varieties growing in lower northern Thailand. Additionally, the level of resistance to this disease was evaluated. The findings revealed that, with the exception of Phichit rice, 19 local rice types possessed the xa5 bacterial blight resistance gene. The resistance to Xoo across all tested local rice types ranged from highly resistant (HR) to moderately sensitive (MS). Moreover, results for genes Xa21, Xa33(RMWR 7.1), and Xa33(RMWR 7.6) were comparable since each rice variety displayed a distinct degree of resistance regardless of whether it had a resistance gene or not. Whilst the Khat Na Pho variety demonstrated high level of resistance to the bacterial blight disease, Hom Khrua, Lon Khrok, Thong Yoi, Phut Tam, and Phuang Kradat also demonstrated resistance levels (R). These six local rice varieties could be employed as germplasm in a future breeding program for rice.
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