Collection and Characterization of Agricultural Traits of Local Thai Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Varieties

Abstract

Thailand’s local rice varieties were collected from 4 regions of the country during May 2011- March
2013 for total of 89 varieties. The collected seeds were tested for germination in a field condition, and found
that 31 of 89 local varieties had germination percentage more than 50% and established an uniform
seedlings in a field condition. The seedlings of these 31 local varieties, Riceberry and KDML105 were
transplanted into the farmer’s field in Banbueng district, Chonburi province during the rainy season
(July-Dec) 2013. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 2 replications was used. Each
experimental unit was planted for 3 rows, 12 hills/row with space of 25x25 cm, and data were recorded
from 10 hills of the middle row. Results showed that plant height, panicle length, panicle weight and

number of filled grain/panicle were highly significant difference (p<0.01). The Unknown 2, Dammore and
Aye Khong had higher panicle weight and number of filled grain/panicle than others varieties of 6.47, 6.07,
6.0 g/panicle, and 276.0, 236.0, 317.0 grains/panicle, respectively. While, Riceberry and KDML105 had
panicle weight of 5.10 and 4.77 g/panicle, and number of filled grain of 180.0 and 215.0 grains/panicle,
respectively . Total 31 local varieties had higher culm height than Riceberry while, 17 of 31 varieties had
higher culm height than KDML105.