Efficacy of Fine Tobacco Leaf Scrap and Stem for Controlling Some Insect Pests of Vegetables

Abstract

Tobacco fine leaf scrap and tobacco stem from Burley and Virginia were used to extract as the insecticide to control cabbage aphid (Lipaphis erysimi), cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii) and diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella). The extraction method of those tobacco was based on water at 24, 48 and 72 hours. The tobacco extracts derived from tobacco fine leaf scrap and tobacco stem of Burley and Virginia were effective to control cabbage aphid at 100% mortality, excepted Virginia tobacco stem extracted for 24 hours (95.83%). Burley fine leaf scrap extracted for 24, 48 and 72 hours was able to control the second instar larvae of diamondback moth for 90.00, 72.50 and 55.00% respectively, in laboratory condition. There were no significant difference among the extract from Burley stem at different time which caused mortality at 25.00, 25.00 and 40.00%. For the screen house experiment, the fine leaf scrap extracted from Burley and Virginia at 10% w/v was able to completely control cabbage aphid and cotton aphid for 1 day after spraying and there were no insect present on cabbage or chili for 72 hours. Nicotine which is the key component as insecticidal effect was analyzed for all treatments and the range of nicotine was as followed; fine leaf scrap of Burley (1.32%) tobacco stem of Burley (0.56%), fine leaf scrap of Virginia (0.55%) and tobacco stem of Virginia (0.20%).